Medieval India: Delhi Sultanate
Delhi as the center of attraction
When did Delhi became strategically important as center of political importance? Who were the
major rules of Delhi during medieval period? Hopefully you will get answers to these questions
in this post.
• Delhi became an important city only in the 12th century.
• Delhi first became the capital of a kingdom under the Tomara Rajputs, who were
defeated in the middle of the twelfth century by the Chauhans .
Rajput Dynasty
- Tomaras [early twelfth century – 1165]
- Ananga Pala [1130 -1145]
- Chauhans [1165 -1192]
- Prithviraj Chauhan [1175 -1192]
Delhi Sultans
• By the 13th century Sultanates transformed Delhi into a capital that controlled vast areas of the subcontinent .
• “Histories”, tarikh (singular) / tawarikh (plural), written in Persian, the language of administration under the Delhi Sultans by learned men: secretaries, administrators, poets
and courtiers who lived in cities (mainly Delhi) and hardly ever in villages.
• Objectives of these writings : (a) They often wrote their histories for Sultans in the hope of rich rewards (b) they advised rulers on the need to preserve an “ideal” social order based on birthright and gender distinctions (c) their ideas were not shared by everybody.
• In 1236 Sultan Iltutmish’s daughter, Raziyya, became Sultan. Nobles were not happy at her attempts to rule independently. She was removed from the throne in 1240.
Early Turkish [1206-1290]
Qutbuddin Aybak [1206 -1210]
Shamsuddin Iltutmish [1210 -1236]
Raziyya [1236 -1240]
Ghiyasuddin Balban [1266 -1287]
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