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20 Dec

Literature

Shruti and Smriti
The Vedic literature is broadly divided into two categories viz Shruti and Smriti Shruti (that was heard) literature was initially transmitted orally before it was finally written down It is considered authoritative, canonical, eternal / divine and unquestionable truth Vedas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishads together form the Shruti literature and make the central canon of Hinduism These also make the four components of Vedic literature
Smriti is what is remembered, supplementary and may change over time The entire body of Classical Sanskrit literature is Smriti including Vedangas, Shatdarshana, Puranas, Itihasas (epics), Upavedas, Trantras, Agamas and Upangas They are authoritative to the extent that they conform to the bedrock of Shruti
However, there is not a distinct divide between Shruti and Smriti Both can be represented as a continuum
Shruti Literature
Vedas
The four Vedas viz Rig-Veda, Yajurveda, Samveda and Atharvaveda come under the Shruti literature and are bedrocks of entire Vedic literature The basic material or mantra text of each of the Vedas is called Samhita
Rig-Vedic Name Modern Name
Vitase
Jhelum
Askini
Chenab
Purushni
Ravi
Vipas
Beas
Sutudri
Satluj
Gumal / Gomal
Gomati
Krumu
Kurram
Drishdvati
Ghagghar
Suwastu
Swat
Indus
Sindhu
Samhita is literally a compilation Some post Vedic texts are also known as Samhitas such as Ashtavakra Gita, Bhrigu Samhita, Brahma Samhita, Deva Samhita, Garga Samhita, Kashyap Samhita, Shiva Samhita and Yogayajnavalkya Samhita

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